Circular 87
The Reliability and Availability of Electronic Equipment
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CIRCULAR 87-AN173 CIRCULAR THE RELIABILITY AND AVAILABILITY OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT Prepared by the Secretariat and published by authority of the Secretary General INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGAN I LATtOM MONTREAL ,m CANADA
Published in separate English, French and Spanish editions by the international Civil A viation Organization. All correspondence, except orders and subscriptions, should be addressed to the Secretury General of ICAO, International Aviation Building, 1080 University Street, Montreal 3 Quebec, Canada. Orders for this publication should be sent to one of the following addresses, together with the appropriate remittance by bank draft or post office money order in U.S. dollars or thc currency of the country in which the order is placed or in a freely convertibIe currency , Australia Robertson and Mullens, 107 Peru Representante de la OACf, Oficina Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, C. 1, SudarnBrica, Apartado 4 127, Lima. Canada Department of Public Printing and Stationery, Ottawa Ontario, Senegal Reprksentant de l'OACX, Bureau Afrique, Boite postale 2356, Dakar. France Reprbsentant ,de 'L'OACI, Bureau Europe, 3bi8, vilk gmile-ererat, Neuilly- Sweden C. E. Fdtzes Kungl. Ncrvbdchan- sur-Seine Seine, del, Fredsgatan 2, Box 16356, Stockhdh 16. India Oxford Book and Stationery Co., Thailand ICA0 Representative, Far East Scindia House, New Delhi or 17 Park Street, and Pacific Office, P.Q. Box 14, Bangkok. Calcutta, Japan Japanese "'TCAO" Society, Hikokan United Arab Republic ICAO Represen- Aviation Building, 1-18-1 Shimbashi, tative, Middle East and Eastern African Minatoku, Tokyo, Office, 16 Hassan Sabri, Zamalek, Cairo, Mexico Editorial Hermes S.A,, Ignacio United Kingdom Her Majesty's Stationery Maxiscal 41, Mbxico 4, D,F. Office, P.O. Box 589, London, S,E, 1. International Chi1 Aviation Organization Attention Distribrttion Officer, Inienzationl Aviation Building, 1080 University Street, Montreal 3 Quebec, Canada. Do you receive the ICAO BULLETIN The ICAO Bufletin contains a concise accounf of the activities of the Organization as well us articles of interest tb the aero- nautical world. The Bulletin will also keep you up to date on the latest lCAO publications, their contents, umendmenfs, supplements, corri- genda, and prices. Avaioilable in three sepurafe editions English, French land Spanish. Annual subscription U.S. 2.00.
FOREWORD The specification of reliability objectives for electronic equipment in a uniform manner has become increasingly important because of the growing reliance on elec- tronic aids in all phases of flight, and has particular significance during certain critical phases of flight, as when employing ILS to very low minima. The text of this Circular was originally developed by the COM/OPS Divisional Meeting 1966, and was subsequently amended to accommodate, as far as practicable, the comments of States. The resulting document represents a first attempt within ICAO to provide a common basis for further international activity in the specification of relia- bility objectives. A quantity of material having only a limited bearing on the definition and measurement of reliability has been included in the Circular for the benefit of Administra- tions who have no previous experience in reliability work, and have therefore not yet developed procedures or general operations manuals. Such material need not necessarily influence States already having developed reliability programmes using different procedures and methods. Notwithstanding the importance and desirability of achieving international agreement on basic reliability definitions and objectives, States' comments on the material presented in this Circular emphasized the complex nature of the problem, and the need to provide sufficient flexibility to enable each Administration to establish reliability procedures best suited to its needs. The statement in Chapter 1 concerning the tenta- tive nature of the material therefore has particular significance, and it should be noted that Standards and Recommended Practices on this subject which may ultimately be introduced into Annex 10 may not necessarily conform to the material contained in this document. It should also be noted that the substance of paragraphs 1 to 2.1.4 inclusive of this Circular is identical to the material incorporated in Amendment 47 to Annex 10, Volume I, as Attachment "F" to Part I.
TABLE OF CONEMS Page 1.1 Definftions ............................... 1 1.2 Facility Reliability .......................... 1 1.3 Facility Availability .......................... 4 2 . PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF RELIABILITY AND AVAILABILITY 0 a , 5 ............... 2.1 Measuement of Reliability and Availability 5 ............... 2.2 Achievement of Reliability and Availability 6 2.2. Design Consideration. .......................... 8 2.4 Mintenance .........m......m...m....... 9 ................................. 3.1 General 12 3.2 SignalDerogation inspace ....................... 12 3.3 Conclusion ............................... 13 EXAMPLES OF PROCWS FOR THE COLmCTICON UTILIZATION OF DATA ON FACILITY RELIABILITY .............................. 14 EXAMPLE 1 . Typical Data Relating to the Serviceability. Reliability and Availability of Navigation Aids Ground Facilities Achieved in Australia ........................... 14 EXAMPLE 2 . Typical Data Relating to Reliability ad Availability of Radio Aids in the United States of America ............... 19
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Table Of Contents
COVER PAGE
FOREWORD
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1.
CHAPTER 2.
CHAPTER 3.