Circular 52. Edition 4
FLIGHT CREW FATIGUE
AND FLIGHT TIME LIMITATIONS
(Fourth Edition 1971)
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CIRCULAR FLIGHT CREW FATIGUE G AND FLIGHT TIME LIMITATIONS Prepared by the Secretariat and published by authority of the Secretary General Fourth Edition 1971 Supersedes Circular 49-AN/44 Circular 52-AN/47, First Edition 1957 qcular 52-AN/47/2, Second Edition 1961, and Circular 52-AN/47/3, Third Edition 1964 INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION MONTREAL CANADA
Published in separate English, French and Spanish editions by the International Civil Aviation Organization. All correspondence, except orders and subscriptions, should be addressed to the Secretary General of ICAO, International Aviation Building, 1080 University Street, Montreal 101, Quebec, Canada. Orders for this publication should be sent to one of the following addresses, together with the appropriate remittance by bank draft or post office money order in U.S. dollars or the currency of the country in which the order is placed or in a freely convertible currency Australia Robertson and Mullens, 107 Peru Representante de la OACI, Oficina Elizabeth Street, Melbourne 3000. Sudamkrica, Apartado 4127, Lima. Canada Information Canada, Ottawa, On- Senegal Reprksentant de I'OACI, Bureau tario. Afrique, Boite postale 2356, Dakar. France Representant de I'OACI, Bureau Europe, 3bi, villa Emile-Bergerat, Neuilly- sur8eine Seine. India Oxford Book and Stationery Co., Scindia House, New Delhi or 17 Park Street, Calcutta. Japan Japan Civil Aviation Promotion Foundation, No. 38 Shiba Kotohira-Cho, Minato-Ku, Tokyo. Sweden C. E. Fritzes Kungl. Hovbokhan- del, Fredsgatan 2, Box 16356, Stockholm 16. Thailand ICAO Representative, Far East and Pacific Office, P.O. Box 614, Bangkok. United Arab Republic ICAO Represen- tative, Middle East and Eastern African Office, 16 Hassan Sabri, Zamalek, Cairo. United Kingdom Her Majesty's Stationery Office, P.O. Box 569, London, S.E. 1. International Civil Aviation Organization Attention Distribution Officer, International Aviation Building, 1080 University Street, Montreal 101, Quebec, Canada. Do you receive the ICAO BULLETIN The lCAO Bulletin contains a concise account of the activities of the Organization as well as articles of interest fo the aero- nautical world. The Bulletin will also keep you up to date on the latest ICAO publications, their contents, amendments, supplements, corri- genda, and prices. Availablr in three separate editions English. French and Spanish. Annual subscription U.S. 5.00.
1 Annex 6, Part I to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, which deals with the "Operation of Aircraft " in "International Commercial Air Transport", attempts to define a minimum acceptable level of safety for such operations. To this end it specifies the type of operating supervision which must be provided, certain basic operational pro- cedures which must be followed, the basic duties of certain flight crew members, the types of radio and emergency equipment which must be carried, etc. Since one of the more impor- tant considerations pertaining to the safety of an aircraft operation is the proficiency of the crew, Annex 1 specifies that each flight crew member shall have demonstrated his general proficiency in obtaining an appropriate licence, and Annex 6, Part I specifies that this shall be supplemented by additional training and checking both to ensure the mainte- nance of this proficiency and to ensure continuing familiarity with the types of aeroplane used and the routes flown. 2 While such measures help to ensure a high state of competence of flight crew members, the effectiveness with which this competence is available for use depends upon each crew member's being sufficiently well rested to utilize his capabilities efficiently. Otherwise he may not respond to the degree that his proficiency should ensure, but may make errors of judgement or action such as are associated with much lower degrees of proficiency than he has attained. This effect can be aggravated by various combinations of unfavourable operational circumstances, but the continuation of any task long enough under even the most favourable circumstances will ultimately produce fatigue and consequent loss of effi- ciency. 3 .Is no reliabl, Lbjec-ive indices of fatigue are at present available from which to determine crmnarntie deqr I - o' fltiguz cc r tely, rough approximations of the tines ,nvolved in becomir., ir d ,n L,' r lave zl urly pqssed beyond the tlrnsholri of acceptdbl. effiiency have so lr i.7 t.1 suf LCC. F- .i g du. es thernsele-, can b,. 2 cause .-f fatigcle if the duration KO hch o, z is -xpsi.d t the1 is -xLessire an duratidn of eLpoure can be and is used as 01 ., of t5r 5asic limitations desiqned to ninimize fatisue. While such limitations are int,rJd p-imsrily to cci .nt for this single factor, it is rloted that in Tany instmces an attempt r.ls been nde to account for various other contribating factors by incorporating irariaus tvpes of -xcept ions and qualifying statements. As a resrllr , there is csnsiderable var at icn n the E r I yld content of regulations adopted by States. In general, existing regulaLio11s speciEy the maxirnum periods of tine during which flight per- sonnel may be exposed to conditions most likely to induce fatigue, these periods being variously expressed in terms of hours of duty, or hours of flight time scheduled or planned, and they are generally supplernentecl by corresponding requirements for periods of rest. Regulations apply variously to the complete crew, the flight crew only, or to pilots and other members of the flight crew separately. 4 Kith a view to acquainting all States with the types 3f flight time liaitrltions now in force, the Air Navigation Cornmiision decided that a ircular should be ,ssued, containing a compilation of the current regulations of Contracting States, and those established Ly operators and approved by their States.
ICAO Circular 52-AN14714 - 5 The regulations reproduced in this Circular Indicate the manner in which various States at the time of issuance of the Circular have implemented the Standard of Annex 6, Part I in this respect. The Annex specifies that each State shall ensure that its operators establish liritatiom on the flight tiae of flight crew members, to ensure that fatigue does not endanger the safety of a flight. It also specifies that all such limitations be apprwed by the State of Rewtry. The publication of the regulations in this Circular does not indicate that ICM endorses either theirform or content. The material contained herein la provided for the iaformation of Contracting States. 6 ft will be noted that there is considerable variation both in the manner in which the regnlstioas contained herein are stated, their scope and thbir-applicability. In some cases regulations are developed and issued by a State while in others an operator is per- mitted to Icvelop detailed rules, which must be submitted to the State for approval. Some regulations apply to pilots only, others to flight crew and sow cover all crew members. In th'b comexion it should be noted that in Annex 6, Part I a "crew member" is defined as a person assigned by an operator to duty on an aircraft during flight time, and that a "flight crew member" is defined as a licensed crew member charged with duties essential to the operation of an aircraft during flight time. The provisions of Annex 6, Part I, in relation to flight and duty time limitations, apply only to "flight crew members". 7 Indicative of the fact that "flight time" ie only one of several factors which can contribute to fatigue are those regulations by States which differentiate between the types of aircraft used, types of routes and general operating conditions encountered on routes. 8 This Fourth Edition of Circular 52-AN147 contains the most recent regulations of those States that have responded to the request for up-to-date material. Experience indicates that the Circular has been widely used as a reference document and although the material published herein is generally of a stable character the additional material received has been considered to justify revision to incorporate it. 9 In 80 far as possible, the texts of States Regulations have been reproduced as received,
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Circular 52. Flight Crew Fatigue and Flight Time LimitationsCircular 52. Edition 5. FLIGHT CREW FATIGUE AND FLIGHT TIME LIMITATIONS (Fifth Edition, 1975)Circular 52. Edition 2. FLIGHT CREW FATIGUE AND FLIGHT TIME LIMITATIONS (Second Edition 1961)Circular 52. Edition 1. FLIGHT CREW FATIGUE AND FLIGHT TIME LIMITATIONSAnnex 6. Part 1. Edition 12. Operation of Aircraft. Part I. International Commercial Air Transport. AeroplanesDoc 7030. Edition 5. Regional Supplementary ProceduresDoc 8168. Vol 2. Edition 7. Procedures for Air Navigation Services. Aircraft Operations. Volume II. Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight ProceduresCircular 3. Airport Economics (Preliminary Study)Circular 49. Flight Crew Fatigue and Flight Time LimitationsCircular 92. Trailing VorticesВСЕ ДОКУМЕНТЫALL DOCUMENTSICAO CIRCULASЦИРКУЛЯРЫ
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