Doc 8168. Vol 2. Edition 7
Last modified:3/21/2022
Procedures for Air Navigation Services. Aircraft Operations. Volume II. Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight Procedures
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This edition incorporates all amendments approved by the Council prior to 19 May 2020and supersedes on 5 November 2020, all previous editions of Doc 8168, Volume II.INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATIONDoc 8168Seventh Edition, 2020Aircraft OperationsPROCEDURES FOR AIR NAVIGATION SERVICESVolume II Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight Procedures
Published in separate English, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION 999 Robert-Bourassa Boulevard, Montral, Quebec, Canada H3C 5H7 For ordering information and for a complete listing of sales agents and booksellers, please go to the ICAO website at www.icao.int First edition 1961 Fifth edition 2006 Sixth edition 2014 Seventh edition 2020 Doc 8168, Procedures for Air Navigation Services Aircraft Operations Volume II, Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight Procedures Order Number 8168-2 ISBN 978-92-9265-171-8 print version ISBN 978-92-9265-714-7 electronic version ICAO 2020 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior permission in writing from the International Civil Aviation Organization.
iii AMENDMENTS Amendments are announced in the supplements to the Products and Services Catalogue the Catalogue and its supplements are available on the ICAO website at www.icao.int. The space below is provided to keep a record of such amendments. RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA AMENDMENTS CORRIGENDA No. Date Entered by No. Date Entered by Amendments 1 to 9 incorporated in this edition 1 20/11/20 ICAO 2 21/3/22 ICAO
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Doc 8168. Vol 2. Edition 7. Aircraft Operations. Volume II — Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight ProceduresDoc 8168. Vol 2. Edition 7. Procedures for air navigation services. Aircraft Operations. Volume II. Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight ProceduresDoc 8168. Vol 2. Edition 6. Aircraft Operations. Volume II — Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight ProceduresDoc 8168. Corrigendum № 2Annex 1. Edition 14. Personnel LicensingAnnex 2. Edition 11. Rules of the AirAnnex 4. Edition 11. Aeronautical ChartsAnnex 5. Edition 5. Units of Measurement to be Used in Air and Ground Operations.Annex 6. Part 1. Edition 12. Operation of Aircraft. Part I. International Commercial Air Transport. AeroplanesAnnex 10. Vol 1. Edition 8. Aeronautical Telecommunications. Volume I. Radio Navigation AidsAnnex 11. Edition 15. Air Traffic ServicesAnnex 14. Vol 1. Edition 9. Aerodromes. Volume I. Aerodrome Design and OperationsAnnex 15. Edition 16. Aeronautical Information ServicesDoc 4444. Edition 16. Procedures For Air Navigation Services. Air Traffic ManagementDoc 10066. Edition 1. Procedures for Air Navigation Services. Aeronautical Information ManagementDoc 7488. Edition 3. Manual of the ICAO Standard Atmosphere (extended to 80 kilometres (262 500 feet))Doc 7910. Edition 192. Location IndicatorsDoc 8071. Vol 1. Edition 5. Manual on Testing of Radio Navigation Aids. Volume I. Testing of Ground-based Radio Navigation SystemsDoc 8126. Edition 7. Aeronautical Information Services ManualDoc 8697. Edition 3. Aeronautical Chart ManualDoc 9368. Edition 2. Instrument Flight Procedures Construction ManualDoc 9613. Edition 5. Performance-based Navigation (PBN) ManualDoc 9643. Edition 2. Manual on Simultaneous Operations on Parallel or Near-Parallel Instrument Runways (SOIR)Doc 9905. Edition 3. Required Navigation Performance Authorization Required (RNP AR) Procedure Design ManualDoc 9906. Vol 3. Edition 1. Quality Assurance Manual for Flight Procedure Design. Volume 3. Flight Procedure Design Software ValidationDoc 9931. Edition 1. Continuous Descent Operations (CDO) ManualDoc 9993. Edition 1. Continuous Climb Operations (CCO) ManualDoc 10068. Edition 1. Manual on the Development of a Regulatory Framework for Instrument Flight Procedure Design ServiceCircular 126. Guidance Material on SST Aircraft OperationsCircular 301. Edition 1. New Larger Aeroplanes - Infringement of the Obstacle Free Zone: Operational Measures and Aeronautical StudyCircular 353. Edition 1. Transition Planning for Change to Instrument Flight Procedure Approach Chart Identification from RNAV to RNPAnnex 2. Edition 5. Rules of the AirAnnex 2. Edition 9. Rules of the Air.Annex 3. Edition 7. METEOROLOGYAnnex 4. Edition 7. AERONAUTICAL CHARTSAnnex 4. Edition 8. AERONAUTICAL CHARTSAnnex 6. Part 4. Edition 1. Operation of Aircraft. Part IV. International Operations ‒ Remotely Piloted Aircraft SystemsAnnex 6. Part 3. Edition 5. Part III — International Operations — HelicoptersAnnex 6. Edition 6. OPERATION OF AIRCRAFTAnnex 6. Part 3. Edition 6. Part III — International Operations — HelicoptersAnnex 6. Part 1. Edition 7. Part I — International Commercial Air Transport — AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 3. Edition 7. Part III — International Operations — HelicoptersAnnex 6. Part 1. Edition 8. Part I — International Commercial Air Transport — AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 3. Edition 8. International Operations — HelicoptersAnnex 6. Part 1. Edition 9. Part I — International Commercial Air Transport — AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 2. Edition 9. Operation of Aircraft. Part II — International General Aviation — AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 2. Edition 10. Operation of Aircraft. Part II. International General Aviation. AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 2. Edition 10. Operation of Aircraft. Part II. International General Aviation. AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 3. Edition 10. Operation of Aircraft. Part III. International Operations. HelicoptersAnnex 6. Part 1. Edition 11. Operation of Aircraft. Part I. International Commercial Air Transport. AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 1. Edition 11. Operation of Aircraft. Part I. International Commercial Air Transport. AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 1. Edition 11. International Commercial Air Transport — Aeroplanes.Annex 6. Part 2. Edition 11. Operation of Aircraft. Part II. International General Aviation. AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 2. Edition 11. Operation of Aircraft. Part II. International General Aviation. AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 3. Edition 11. Operation of Aircraft. Part III. International Operations. HelicoptersAnnex 6. Part 1. Edition 12. Operation of Aircraft. Part I. International Commercial Air Transport. AeroplanesAnnex 8. Edition 5. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 9. Edition 6. FACILITATIONAnnex 10. Vol 1. Edition 1. Aeronautical Telecommunications. (PART I; -- EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS ; PART I I- RADIO FREQUENCIES)Annex 10. Vol 1. Edition 7. Aeronautical Telecommunications Radio Navigation AidsAnnex 10. Vol 1. Edition 7. Aeronautical Telecommunications. Volume I. Radio Navigation AidsAnnex 10. Vol 1. Edition 7. Aeronautical Telecommunications. Radio Navigation Aids.Annex 11. Edition 7. Air Traffic Services.Annex 11. Edition 8. Air Traffic Services.Annex 11. Edition 12. Air Traffic Services.Annex 11. Edition 13. Air Traffic Services.Annex 11. Edition 15. Air Traffic Services.Annex 14. Vol 2. Edition 4. Aerodromes. Heliports.Annex 14. Edition 5. Aerodromes.Annex 14. Vol 2. Edition 5. Annex 14. Aerodromes. Volume II. HeliportsAnnex 14. Vol 2. Edition 5. Aerodromes. Volume II. HeliportsAnnex 14. Vol 1. Edition 8. Aerodromes. Aerodrome Design and Operations.Annex 14. Vol 1. Edition 8. Aerodromes. Volume I. Aerodrome Design and OperationsAnnex 14. Vol 1. Edition 8. Aerodromes. Volume I. Aerodrome Design and OperationsAnnex 15. Edition 3. Aeronautical Information Services.Annex 15. Edition 5. Aeronautical Information Services.Annex 15. Edition 7. Aeronautical Information Services.Annex 15. Edition 8. Aeronautical Information Services.Annex 15. Edition 10. Aeronautical Information Services.Annex 16. Edition 2. Aircraft Noise.Annex 16. Vol 1. Edition 2. Environmental Protection. Aircraft Noise.Annex 16. Edition 3. Aircraft Noise.Annex 16. Vol 1. Edition 3. Environmental Protection. Aircraft Noise.Annex 16. Vol 1. Edition 6. Environmental Protection. Aircraft Noise.Annex 16. Vol 1. Edition 7. Environmental Protection. Aircraft Noise.Annex 16. Vol 1. Edition 8. Environmental Protection. Volume I. Aircraft NoiseAnnex 16. Vol 1. Edition 8. Environmental Protection. Volume I. Aircraft NoiseAnnex 17. Edition 1. Security.Annex 17. Edition 6. Security.Annex 17. Edition 10. Security.Annex 17. Edition 11. Security.Annex 17. Edition 11. SecurityAnnex 17. Edition 12. Aviation Security. Safeguarding International Civil Aviation against Acts of Unlawful InterferenceDoc 4444. Edition 16. Procedures For Air Navigation Services. Air Traffic ManagementDoc 4444. Edition 16. Procedures For Air Navigation Services. Air Traffic ManagementDoc 4444. Edition 16. Air Traffic Management.Doc 8168. Vol 3. Edition 1. Procedures for air navigation services. Aircraft Operations. Volume III. Aircraft Operating ProceduresDoc 8168. Vol 3. Edition 1. Procedures for air navigation services. Aircraft Operations. Volume III. Aircraft Operating ProceduresDoc 8168. Vol 3. Edition 1. Procedures for air navigation services. Aircraft Operations. Volume III. Aircraft Operating ProceduresDoc 8168. Vol 1. Edition 6. Aircraft Operations. Volume I. Flight ProceduresDoc 8168. Vol 1. Edition 6. Procedures for air navigation services. Aircraft Operations. Volume I. Flight ProceduresDoc 8400. Edition 9. Procedures for air navigation services. ICAO Abbreviations and CodesDoc 10066. Edition 1. Procedures for air navigation services. Aeronautical Information ManagementDoc 4444. Edition 14. Air Traffic ManagementDoc 8126. Edition 6. Aeronautical Information Services ManualDoc 8335. Edition 6. Manual of Procedures for Operations Inspection, Certification and Continued SurveillanceDoc 8400. Edition 1. ICAO Abbreviations and CodesDoc 8400. Edition 2. ICAO Abbreviations and CodesDoc 8400. Edition 5. ICAO Abbreviations and CodesDoc 8400. Edition 8. ICAO Abbreviations and CodesDoc 8400. Edition 9. ICAO Abbreviations and CodesDoc 8697. Edition 3. Aeronautical Chart ManualDoc 8896. Edition 9. Manual of Aeronautical Meteorological PracticeDoc 8896. Edition 10. Manual of Aeronautical Meteorological PracticeDoc 8896. Edition 12. Manual of Aeronautical Meteorological PracticeDoc 8896. Edition 13. Manual of Aeronautical Meteorological PracticeDoc 9157. Part 4. Edition 5. Aerodrome Design Manual. Part 4. Visual AidsDoc 9261. Edition 5. Heliport ManualDoc 9365. Edition 4. Manual of All-Weather OperationsDoc 9365. Edition 5. Manual of All-Weather OperationsDoc 9379. Edition 2. Manual of Procedures for Establishment and Management of a State’s Personnel Licensing SystemDoc 9379. Edition 2. Manual of Procedures for Establishment and Management of a State’s Personnel Licensing SystemDoc 9672. Edition 1. Report of the Limited Middle East (COM/MET/RAC). Regional Air Navigation MeetingDoc 9674. Edition 2. World Geodetic System - 1984 (WGS-84) ManualDoc 9731. Vol 2. Edition 9. International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue Manual (IAMSAR). Volume II. Mission coordinationDoc 9734. Part 3. Oversight Manual The Establishment and Management of a State’s Aviation Security Oversight SystemDoc 9734. Part 1. Edition 3. Safety Oversight Manual. Part A. The Establishment and Management of a State Safety Oversight SystemDoc 9826. Annual Report of the Council - 2003. Documentation for the Session of the Assembly in 2004Doc 9829. Edition 2. Guidance on the Balanced Approach to Aircraft Noise ManagementDoc 9849. Edition 3. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ManualDoc 9863. Edition 2. Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS) ManualDoc 9863. Edition 3. Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS) ManualDoc 9888. Edition 1. Noise Abatement Procedures: Review of Research, Development and Implementation Projects - Discussion of Survey Results (English-only publication)Doc 9889. Edition 1. Airport Air Quality ManualDoc 9906. Vol 1. Edition 1. Quality Assurance Manual for Flight Procedure Design Flight Procedure Design Quality Assurance SystemDoc 9906. Vol 6. Edition 1. Quality Assurance Manual for Flight Procedure Design. Volume 6. Flight Validation Pilot Training and Evaluation (Development of a Flight Validation Pilot Training Programme)Doc 9911. Edition 1. Recommended Method for Computing Noise Contours Around Airports.Doc 9911. Edition 2. Recommended Method for Computing Noise Contours Around Airports.Doc 9911. Edition 2. Recommended Method for Computing Noise Contours Around AirportsDoc 9924. Edition 1. Aeronautical Surveillance ManualDoc 9924. Edition 2. Aeronautical Surveillance ManualDoc 9924. Edition 3. Aeronautical Surveillance ManualDoc 9924. Edition 3. Aeronautical Surveillance ManualDoc 9938. Edition 1. Report of the Eighth Meeting of the Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP)Doc 9992. Edition 1. Manual on the Use of Performance-based Navigation (PBN) in Airspace DesignDoc 9994. Edition 1. Manual on Airborne Surveillance ApplicationsDoc 9994. Edition 2. Manual on Airborne Surveillance ApplicationsDoc 9997. Edition 3. Performance-based Navigation (PBN) Operational Authorization ManualDoc 10004. Edition 20202022. 2020-2022 Global Aviation Safety PlanDoc 10007. Edition 1. Twelfth Air Navigation Conference. Montréal, 19 – 30 November 2012. ReportDoc 10031. Edition 1. Guidance on Environmental Assessment of Proposed Air Traffic Management Operational ChangesDoc 10047. Edition 1. Aviation Security Oversight ManualDoc 10056. Edition 1. Manual on Air Traffic Controller Competency-based Training and AssessmentDoc 10056. Edition 1. Manual on Air Traffic Controller Competency-based Training and Assessment.Doc 10056. Vol 1. Edition 2. Manual on Air Traffic Controller Competency-based Training and Assessment. Volume I. Air Traffic Control (ATC)Doc 10064. Edition 1. Aeroplane Performance ManualDoc 10088. Edition 1. Manual on Civil-Military Cooperation in Air Traffic ManagementDoc 10088. Edition 1. Manual on Civil-Military Cooperation in Air Traffic ManagementDoc 10103. Edition 1. Guidance on the Implementation of ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices for Tilt-rotorsDoc 10106. Edition 1. Manual on Flight Operations Officers/Flight Dispatchers Competency-based Training and AssessmentDoc 10150. Edition 1. Manual on the Functional Specifications for the Location of an Aircraft in Distress Repository (LADR)Doc 10150. Edition 1. Manual on the Functional Specifications for the Location of an Aircraft in Distress Repository (LADR)Doc 10151. Edition 1. Manual on Human Performance (HP) for RegulatorsDoc 10153. Edition 1. Guidance on the Preparation of an Operations Manual Doc 10161. Edition 1. Global Aviation Safety RoadmapCircular 52. Edition 4. FLIGHT CREW FATIGUE AND FLIGHT TIME LIMITATIONS (Fourth Edition 1971)Circular 55. Provisional Acceptable Means of Compliance: Emergency Evacuation Provisions (Second Edition - 1968)Circular 60. Operational Measures for Dealing with the Problem of Taking Off From Slush- or Water- Covered Runways (Second Edition - 1968)Circular 95. Edition 1. THE CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS OF AIRCRAFT IN SERVICE METHODS OF HANDLING AND EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ON AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES (OR THEIR EQUIVALENT)Circular 273. The World of Civil Aviation, 1997-2000Circular 300. Edition 1. Human Factors Digest No. 15 - Human Factors in Cabin SafetyCircular 307. Edition 1. The World of Civil Aviation, 2003-2006Circular 322. Edition 1. Guidelines for the Implementation of GNSS Lateral Separation Minima based on VOR Separation MinimaCircular 336. Edition 1. Area Navigation (RNAV) to Required Navigation Performance (RNP) Instrument Approach Chart DepictionCircular 350. Edition 1. Guidelines for the Implementation of Reduced Divergence DeparturesCircular 359. Edition 1. Development of Procedures for Visual Manoeuvring with Prescribed Tracks using Required Navigation PerformanceВСЕ ДОКУМЕНТЫALL DOCUMENTSICAO ANNEXES TO THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION & Procedures for Air Navigation Services (PANS)ICAO INSTRUMENT FLIGHT PROCEDURE DESIGN. EXTENDEDICAO INSTRUMENT FLIGHT PROCEDURE DESIGNProcedures for Air Navigation Services (PANS)Doc 8168
Table Of Contents
COVER PAGE
AMENDMENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD
Part I. GENERAL
Section 1. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
Chapter 1. DEFINITIONS
Chapter 2. ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
Chapter 3. UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
Chapter 4. FRAME OF REFERENCE
Section 2. GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Chapter 1. GENERAL
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 AREAS
1.4 EXAMPLE CALCULATIONS
1.5 BEARINGS, TRACKS AND RADIALS
1.3 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE
1.7 INCREASED ALTITUDES/HEIGHTS FOR MOUNTAINOUS AREAS
1.8 USE OF PROCEDURE ALTITUDE/HEIGHT
1.6 NAVIGATION SYSTEM USE ACCURACY
1.10 CHARTING ACCURACY
1.12 AIRCRAFT CHARACTERISTICS DATABASE
1.13 PROMULGATION
1.9 AREA MINIMUM ALTITUDE (AMA)
1.11 PRESENTATION OF SIGNIFICANT OBSTACLES AND SPOT ELEVATIONS ON CHARTS
Appendix to Chapter 1. CONVERSION TABLE FOR IAS TO TAS CALCULATIONS
2.3 FIX TOLERANCE AND FIX TOLERANCE AREA FOR INTERSECTING FIXES
Chapter 2. TERMINAL AREA FIXES
2.1 GENERAL
2.2 TERMINAL AREA FIXES
2.4 FIX TOLERANCE FOR OTHER TYPES OF NAVIGATION INSTRUMENTS
2.5 FIX TOLERANCE OVERHEADING A STATION
2.6 OPERATIONAL APPLICATION OF FIXES FOR FLIGHT PROCEDURE PLANNING
2.7 USE OF FIXES FOR DESCENT AND RELATED OBSTACLE CLEARANCE
2.8 PROTECTION AREA FOR VOR AND NDB
3.1 GENERAL
Chapter 3. TURN AREA CONSTRUCTION
3.3 TURN OUTER BOUNDARY CONSTRUCTION
3.2 TURN INNER BOUNDARY CONSTRUCTION
4.2 THE INSTRUMENT FLIGHT PROCEDURE PROCESS
4.3 PROCEDURE DESIGN INFORMATION ACQUISITION
Chapter 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE
4.1 GENERAL
4.4 PROCEDURE DESIGN
4.5 PROCEDURE DESIGN DOCUMENTATION
4.6 GROUND AND FLIGHT VALIDATION
4.7 PROCEDURE DESIGNER QUALIFICATIONS AND TRAINING
4.9 SAFETY RISK ASSESSMENT OF FLIGHT PROCEDURE DESIGNS
4.8 PROCEDURE DESIGN AUTOMATION
Section 3. DEPARTURE PROCEDURES
1.5 ROUTES
1.2 CONSULTATION
1.4 ECONOMY
1.1 GENERAL
Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION TO DEPARTURE PROCEDURES
1.3 STANDARDIZATION
1.6 RELATED MATERIAL
1.7 ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY OPERATIONS
Chapter 2. GENERAL CONCEPTS FOR DEPARTURE PROCEDURES
2.2 DESIGN PRINCIPLES
2.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF A DEPARTURE PROCEDURE
2.4 END OF THE DEPARTURE PROCEDURE
2.5 MINIMUM OBSTACLE CLEARANCE (MOC)
2.3 BEGINNING OF THE DEPARTURE PROCEDURE
2.8 AVERAGE FLIGHT PATH
2.6 OBSTACLE IDENTIFICATION SURFACE (OIS)
2.7 PROCEDURE DESIGN GRADIENT (PDG)
2.10 ADDITIONAL SPECIFIC HEIGHT/DISTANCE INFORMATION
2.9 CHARTING ACCURACY
3.1 GENERAL
3.2 STRAIGHT DEPARTURES
Chapter 3. DEPARTURE ROUTES
3.3 TURNING DEPARTURES
Appendix to Chapter 3. GUIDANCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Chapter 4. OMNIDIRECTIONAL DEPARTURES
4.2 AREAS
4.1 GENERAL
4.3 OBSTACLE IDENTIFICATION
4.4 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE
Chapter 5. PUBLISHED INFORMATION FOR DEPARTURE PROCEDURES
5.1 GENERAL
5.2 OMNIDIRECTIONAL DEPARTURES
5.4 OTHER REQUIREMENTS
5.3 CHARTED ALTITUDES/FLIGHT LEVELS
6.2 SEGREGATED OPERATIONS ON PARALLEL RUNWAYS
6.1 INSTRUMENT DEPARTURES FROM PARALLEL RUNWAYS
Chapter 6. SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS ON PARALLEL OR NEAR-PARALLEL INSTRUMENT RUNWAYS
Section 4. ARRIVAL AND APPROACH PROCEDURES
Chapter 1. GENERAL CRITERIA FOR APPROACH/ARRIVAL PROCEDURES
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 PROCEDURE CONSTRUCTION
1.3 FIX NAMES
1.4 SEGMENT APPLICATION
1.6 TRACK GUIDANCE
1.5 PROCEDURE ALTITUDE/HEIGHT
1.7 DESCENT GRADIENTS
1.8 CATEGORIES OF AIRCRAFT
Chapter 2. ARRIVAL SEGMENT
2.1 STANDARD INSTRUMENT ARRIVALS
2.2 OMNIDIRECTIONAL OR SECTOR ARRIVALS
Chapter 3. INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
3.1 GENERAL
3.2 ALTITUDE SELECTION
3.3 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENTS (OTHER THAN RADAR VECTORS) UTILIZING STRAIGHT TRACKS AND DME ARCS
3.4 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT USING A RACETRACK PROCEDURE
3.5 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT USING A REVERSAL PROCEDURE
3.6 RACETRACK AND REVERSAL PROCEDURE AREAS
3.8 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE
3.7 MAXIMUM DESCENT/NOMINAL OUTBOUND TIMING RELATIONSHIP FOR A REVERSAL OR RACETRACK PROCEDURE
Appendix A to Chapter 3. INITIAL APPROACH USING DEAD RECKONING (DR)
Appendix B to Chapter 3. REDUCTION OF THE WIDTH OF A STRAIGHT INITIAL APPROACH AREA AFTER THE IAF AND INTERFACE BETWEEN STRAIGHT INITIAL APPROACH AREA AND REVERSAL PROCEDURE AREAS
Appendix C to Chapter 3. CONSTRUCTION OF OBSTACLE CLEARANCE AREAS FOR REVERSAL AND HOLDING PROCEDURES
Chapter 4. INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT
4.2 ALTITUDE/HEIGHT SELECTION
4.3 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT BASED ON A STRAIGHT TRACK ALIGNMENT
4.1 GENERAL
4.4 INTERMEDIATE SEGMENT WITHIN A REVERSAL OR RACETRACK PROCEDURE
Chapter 5. FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT
5.2 ALIGNMENT
5.1 GENERAL
5.3 DESCENT GRADIENT
5.4 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE ALTITUDE/HEIGHT (OCA/H)
5.5 PROMULGATION
Appendix A to Chapter 5. CALCULATIONS FOR OCA/H IN NON-ALIGNED STRAIGHT-IN APPROACHES
Chapter 6. MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
6.1 GENERAL
6.2 CLIMB GRADIENT AND MOC
6.3 STRAIGHT MISSED APPROACH
6.4 TURNING MISSED APPROACH
6.5 PROMULGATION
Appendix to Chapter 6. REFINED METHOD FOR CALCULATING MAPt AND TRANSITIONAL TOLERANCES FOR A MISSED APPROACH POINT DEFINED BY A DISTANCE FROM THE FAF
7.2 ALIGNMENT AND AREA
Chapter 7. VISUAL MANOEUVRING (CIRCLING) AREA
7.1 GENERAL
7.3 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE
7.4 METHOD FOR REDUCING OCA/H
7.6 PROMULGATION
7.5 MISSED APPROACH ASSOCIATED WITH THE VISUAL MANOEUVRE
Appendix to Chapter 7. VISUAL MANOEUVRING USING PRESCRIBED TRACK
8.1 GENERAL
8.2 OBSTACLES IN BUFFER AREA
8.3 SECTOR ORIENTATION
Chapter 8. MINIMUM SECTOR ALTITUDES (MSA)
8.5 SECTORS CENTRED ON A VOR/DME OR NDB/DME
8.4 COMBINING SECTORS FOR ADJACENT FACILITIES
Chapter 9. CHARTING/AIP
9.2 CHARTED ALTITUDES/FLIGHT LEVELS
9.3 ARRIVAL
9.4 APPROACH
9.1 GENERAL
9.5 PROCEDURE NAMING FOR ARRIVAL AND APPROACH CHARTS
10.1 GENERAL
10.2 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE
10.3 ESTABLISHED ON RNP AR APCH
Chapter 10. SIMULTANEOUS APPROACHES TO PARALLEL OR NEAR-PARALLEL INSTRUMENT RUNWAYS
10.4 PROMULGATION
Appendix to Chapter 10. INDEPENDENT PARALLEL APPROACHES TOCLOSELY SPACED PARALLEL RUNWAYS
Part II. CONVENTIONAL PROCEDURES
Section 1. PRECISION APPROACHES
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1. INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS)
1.2 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
1.3 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT
1.4 PRECISION SEGMENT
1.5 MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
1.6 SIMULTANEOUS PRECISION APPROACHES TO PARALLEL OR NEAR-PARALLEL INSTRUMENT RUNWAYS
1.7 PROMULGATION
Appendix C to Chapter 1. DETERMINING ILS GLIDE PATH DESCENT/MLS ELEVATION HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES
Appendix D to Chapter 1. INDEPENDENT PARALLEL APPROACHES TO CLOSELY SPACED PARALLEL RUNWAYS (Applicable until 3 November 2021)
CALCULATION OF OBSTACLE ASSESSMENT SURFACE HEIGHT (Applicable until 3 November 2021; as of 4 November 2021, this Appendix to be deleted in toto)
2.1 USE OF ILS CAT I WITH OFFSET LOCALIZER ALIGNMENT
2.2 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE CRITERIA
Chapter 2. OFFSET ILS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Chapter 3. MLS
3.3 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT
3.2 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
3.4 PRECISION SEGMENT
3.5 MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
3.6 SIMULTANEOUS PRECISION APPROACHES TO PARALLEL OR NEAR-PARALLEL INSTRUMENT RUNWAYS
3.7 PROMULGATION
4.1 USE OF MLS CAT I WITH OFFSET AZIMUTH ALIGNMENT
Chapter 4. OFFSET MLS
4.2 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE CRITERIA
5.1 ARRIVAL PHASE OPERATIONS
5.2 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH
Chapter 5. PAR
5.3 FINAL APPROACH
5.5 ARRIVAL AND INITIAL APPROACH AREAS AND OBSTACLE CLEARANCES
5.4 MISSED APPROACH
5.6 INTERMEDIATE AND FINAL APPROACH AREA AND OBSTACLE CLEARANCES
5.7 MISSED APPROACH AREA AND OBSTACLE CLEARANCE
Section 2. NON-PRECISION APPROACHES
1.2 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH
1.3 FINAL APPROACH AND MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
1.1 GENERAL
Chapter 1. LOC ONLY
1.4 PROMULGATION
2.1 GENERAL
2.2 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH
2.3 FINAL APPROACH AND MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
Chapter 2. MLS AZIMUTH ONLY
2.4 PROMULGATION
Chapter 3. VOR OR NDB WITH NO FAF
3.2 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
3.1 GENERAL
3.3 INTERMEDIATE SEGMENT
3.4 FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT
3.6 USE OF STEPDOWN FIX
3.7 MISSED APPROACH POINT (MAPt)
3.5 DESCENT GRADIENT
4.3 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT
4.4 FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT
4.2 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
4.1 GENERAL
Chapter 4. VOR or NDB with FAF
4.5 MISSED APPROACH POINT (MAPt)
4.6 PROMULGATION
5.2 DESCENT GRADIENT
5.3 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
Chapter 5. DF
5.1 GENERAL
5.5 FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT
5.4 INTERMEDIATE SEGMENT
5.6 MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
6.2 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
6.1 GENERAL
Chapter 6. SRE
6.3 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT
6.4 FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT
6.5 MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
Section 3. EN-ROUTE CRITERIA
1.1 GENERAL
Chapter 1. VOR AND NDB ROUTES
1.2 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE AREAS
1.3 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE
1.4 CONSTRUCTION OF AREAS FOR VOR AND NDB ROUTES
1.6 PROMULGATION
1.5 MINIMUM EN-ROUTE ALTITUDE (MEA)
Appendix A to Chapter 1. VOR AND NDB ROUTES — REFINED METHOD FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF OBSTACLE CLEARANCE AREAS
Appendix B to Chapter 1. STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY AREAS AND THEIR ANGLES OF SPLAY
Section 4. HOLDING CRITERIA
1.2 ENTRY AND HOLDING PROCEDURES
1.1 SHAPE AND TERMINOLOGY ASSOCIATED WITH HOLDING PATTERN
Chapter 1. HOLDING CRITERIA
1.3 CONSTRUCTION OF HOLDING AREAS
1.4 SPECIAL CONDITIONS FOR PLANNING VOR/DME HOLDING PROCEDURES AND CONSTRUCTION OF ASSOCIATED AREAS
1.5 PROMULGATION
Appendix A to Chapter 1. PARAMETERS FOR HOLDING AREA CONSTRUCTION
Appendix B to Chapter 1. DETERMINATION OF ADDITIONAL OBSTACLE CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR MINIMUM HOLDING LEVELS IN AREAS OF HIGH TERRAIN OR IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS
Part III. PERFORMANCE-BASED NAVIGATION PROCEDURES
Section 1. UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES
1.1 GENERAL
Chapter 1. RNAV CONCEPTS
1.4 BUFFER VALUES
1.2 FLIGHT TECHNICAL ERROR
1.3 MAGNETIC BEARING ON A PBN (RNAV OR RNP) ROUTE SEGMENT
1.5 OBSTACLE CLEARANCE AREA
1.6 FIXES
Chapter 2. GNSS RNAV
2.1 GENERAL
2.2 XTT, ATT AND AREA SEMI-WIDTH
Chapter 3. DME/DME RNAV
3.1 GENERAL
3.2 AIRBORNE AND GROUND EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR DME/DME PROCEDURES
3.3 DME/DME RNAV SYSTEM USE ACCURACY
3.6 XTT, ATT AND AREA SEMI-WIDTH
3.4 FLIGHT TECHNICAL TOLERANCE
3.5 SYSTEM COMPUTATIONAL TOLERANCE
3.7 NAVIGATION AID COVERAGE
3.8 VALIDATION
4.2 AIRBORNE AND GROUND EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR VOR/DME PROCEDURES
4.3 VOR/DME RNAV SYSTEM USE ACCURACY
Chapter 4. VOR/DME RNAV
4.1 GENERAL
4.6 XTT, ATT AND AREA SEMI-WIDTH
4.5 SYSTEM COMPUTATION TOLERANCE
4.4 FLIGHT TECHNICAL TOLERANCE
Section 2. GENERAL CRITERIA
1.2 DETERMINATION OF THE MINIMUM LENGTH OF THE RNAV SEGMENT
1.1 GENERAL
Chapter 1. MINIMUM LENGTH OF A SEGMENT LIMITED BY TWO WAYPOINTS
1.4 MINIMUM STABILIZATION DISTANCE
1.5 DETERMINATION OF THE MINIMUM LENGTH OF AN RNAV SEGMENT LIMITED BY AT LEAST ONE WAYPOINT THAT IS NOT A TURNING WAYPOINT
Chapter 2. TURN PROTECTION AND OBSTACLE ASSESSMENT
2.1 GENERAL
2.2 CIRCULAR ARC METHOD
2.3 WIND SPIRAL/BOUNDING CIRCLES METHOD
2.4 RF TURN METHOD
2.5 OBSTACLE ASSESSMENT
3.2 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
Chapter 3. RNAV T- OR Y-BAR PROCEDURE CONSTRUCTION
3.1 GENERAL CONCEPT
3.3 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT
3.5 MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
3.4 FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT
4.2 CONSTRUCTION
4.3 BUFFER AREA
Chapter 4. TERMINAL ARRIVAL ALTITUDE (TAA)
4.1 GENERAL
4.4 TAA STEPDOWN ARCS AND SUBSECTORS
4.5 PROMULGATION
5.1 GENERAL
5.2 PATH TERMINATOR TYPES
Chapter 5. NAVIGATION DATABASE CODING
5.3 PROCEDURE DESIGN APPLICATION
Appendix to Chapter 5. PATH TERMINATOR CODING RULES
6.3 REQUIRED NON-FAS DATA BLOCK FIELDS
Chapter 6. APPLICATION OF FAS DATA BLOCK FOR SBAS AND GBAS
6.1 GENERAL
6.2 CONSTRUCTION
6.4 QUALITY REQUIREMENTS
Appendix A to Chapter 6. INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED BY THE PROCEDURE DESIGNER CONCERNING THE SBAS FAS DATA BLOCK
Appendix B to Chapter 6. INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED BY THE PROCEDURE DESIGNER CONCERNING THE GBAS FAS DATA BLOCK
SECTION 3. PROCEDURE CONSTRUCTION
Chapter 1. DEPARTURE PROCEDURES
1.1 GENERAL
1.2 STRAIGHT DEPARTURES
1.3 AREA WIDTH AT THE BEGINNING OF THE DEPARTURE
1.4 TURNING DEPARTURES
Chapter 2. ARRIVAL AND APPROACH PROCEDURES
2.1 GENERAL
2.3 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
2.2 ARRIVAL ROUTES
2.4 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT
2.5 TURNING MISSED APPROACH
2.6 END OF THE MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
3.2 FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT
Chapter 3. NON-PRECISION APPROACH PROCEDURES
3.1 GENERAL
3.3 INITIAL AND INTERMEDIATE MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
Chapter 4. APV/BAROMETRIC VERTICAL NAVIGATION (BARO-VNAV)
4.2 STANDARD CONDITIONS
4.1 GENERAL
4.3 APV SEGMENT
4.4 DETERMINATION OF OCH FOR THE APV SEGMENT
4.5 HEIGHT LOSS MARGINS
4.7 PROMULGATION
4.6 BARO-VNAV APPROACH WITH OFFSET FINAL APPROACH TRACK ALIGNMENT
Appendix A to Chapter 4. TEMPERATURE CORRECTION
Appendix B to Chapter 4. ALGORITHM FOR CALCULATING THE HEIGHT OF SURFACE DEFINED BY FOUR POINTS IN SPACE
Chapter 5. SBAS NON-PRECISION APPROACH, APV I AND PRECISION APPROACH CATEGORY I CRITERIA
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.3 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT
5.2 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
5.4 APV I OR CAT I SEGMENT
5.5 MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
5.6 SIMULTANEOUS APPROACHES TO PARALLEL OR NEAR-PARALLEL INSTRUMENT RUNWAYS(Applicable until 3 November 2021; as of 4 November 2021, this section 5.6 will be deleted in toto)
5.7 SBAS APPROACH WITH OFFSET FINAL APPROACH TRACK ALIGNMENT
5.8 SBAS NPA
5.9 PROMULGATION
Appendix to Chapter 5. STEEP GLIDE PATH ANGLE APPROACHES UP TO 6.3 DEGREES (11 per cent)
Chapter 6. PRECISION APPROACH PROCEDURES — GLS
6.1 INTRODUCTION
6.2 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
6.3 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT
6.4 PRECISION SEGMENT
6.5 MISSED APPROACH AFTER THE PRECISION SEGMENT (FINAL MISSED APPROACH)
6.7 GLS CAT I WITH OFFSET AZIMUTH FINAL APPROACH TRACK ALIGNMENT
6.6 SIMULTANEOUS ILS AND/OR MLS PRECISION APPROACHES TO PARALLEL OR NEAR-PARALLELINSTRUMENT RUNWAYS(Applicable until 3 November 2021; as of 4 November 2021, this section 6.6 will be deleted in toto)
6.8 PROMULGATION
Chapter 7. HOLDING PROCEDURES
7.1 GENERAL
7.2 TYPES OF RNAV HOLDING PROCEDURES
7.3 ENTRY PROCEDURES
7.4 FIX TOLERANCE
7.6 PROMULGATION OF RNAV HOLDING PROCEDURES
7.5 HOLDING AREA CONSTRUCTION
Appendix A Chapter 7. CONSTRUCTION OF OBSTACLE CLEARANCE AREA FOR VOR/DME, DME/DME AND GNSS RNAV HOLDING
Appendix B Chapter 7. EXAMPLE OF ALTERNATIVE AREA NAVIGATION (RNAV) HOLDING ENTRIES FOR REDUCED HOLDING ENTRY AREAS
8.1 GENERAL
Chapter 8. EN-ROUTE PROCEDURES
Section 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE (To be developed)
Section 5. PUBLICATION
1.2 NOTIFICATION OF DIFFERENCES IN AIP
1.3 DEPARTURES AND ARRIVALS
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1. PUBLICATION AND CHARTING — GENERAL
1.4 APPROACH
1.5 FORMAL TEXTUAL OR TABULAR DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCEDURE
1.6 WAYPOINT NAMING
1.7 ARC CENTRE AND SIGNIFICANT POINT COORDINATES
Chapter 2. AERONAUTICAL DATABASE PUBLICATION REQUIREMENTS
Attachment to Part III. DERIVATION OF THE SBAS OBSTACLE ASSESSMENT SURFACES (OAS)
Part IV. HELICOPTERS
1.3 HELICOPTER POINT-IN-SPACE (PINS) DEPARTURES FROM HELIPORTS OR LANDING LOCATIONS
Chapter 1. PBN DEPARTURE PROCEDURES FOR HELICOPTERS USING GNSS OR SBAS RECEIVERS
1.1 GENERAL
1.2 HELICOPTER DEPARTURES FROM INSTRUMENT HELIPORTS OR RUNWAYS (To be developed)
1.4 PROMULGATION
Chapter 2. POINT-IN-SPACE (PinS) RNP APCH APPROACH PROCEDURES FOR HELICOPTERS DOWN TO LNAV MINIMA
2.3 ARRIVAL ROUTES
2.4 TERMINAL CRITERIA
2.2 GNSS RNAV SYSTEM ACCURACY
2.1 GENERAL
2.5 INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT
2.6 INTERMEDIATE APPROACH SEGMENT
2.7 FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT
2.8 MISSED APPROACH SEGMENT
2.9 PinS APPROACH PROCEDURES WITH A “PROCEED VISUALLY” INSTRUCTION
2.10 VISUAL SEGMENT FOR PinS APPROACH PROCEDURE WITH A “PROCEED VFR” INSTRUCTION
2.11 PinS APPROACH PROCEDURE WITH A “PROCEED VFR” INSTRUCTION HEIGHT ABOVE SURFACE (HAS) DIAGRAM
2.12 PROMULGATION
3.1 GENERAL
3.2 FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT (FAS)
Chapter 3. POINT-IN-SPACE (PinS) RNP APCH APPROACH PROCEDURES FOR HELICOPTERS DOWN TO LPV MINIMA
3.4 SUPPORTING PinS RNP APCH WITH LNAV MINIMA
Appendix to Chapter 3. ENCODING OF THE SBAS HELICOPTER PinS FAS DATA BLOCK AND DISPLAY SCALING