Doc 9988. Edition 4
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Guidance on the Development of State Action Plans on CO2 Emissions Reduction Activities: Towards LTAG Implementation
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Approved by and published under the authority of the Secretary GeneralINTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATIONDoc 9988Guidance on the Development of State Action Plans on CO2 Emissions Reduction ActivitiesTowards LTAG ImplementationFourth Edition, 2024
Approved by and published under the authority of the Secretary GeneralINTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATIONDoc 9988Guidance on the Development of State Action Plans on CO2 Emissions Reduction ActivitiesTowards LTAG ImplementationFourth Edition, 2024
Published in separate English, Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION 999 Robert-Bourassa Boulevard, Montral, Quebec, Canada H3C 5H7 For ordering information and for a complete listing of sales agents and booksellers, please go to the ICAO website at www.icao.int. First Edition, 2013 Second Edition, 2016 Third Edition, 2019 Fourth Edition, 2024 Doc 9988, Guidance on the Development of State Action Plans on CO2 Emissions Reduction Activities Towards LTAG Implementation Order Number 9988 ISBN 978-92-9275-620-8 ICAO 2024 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior permission in writing from the International Civil Aviation Organization.
iii AMENDMENTS Amendments are announced in the supplements to the Products and Services Catalogue the Catalogue and its supplements are available on the ICAO website at www.icao.int. The space below is provided to keep a record of such amendments. RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA AMENDMENTS CORRIGENDA No. Date Entered by No. Date Entered by
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Doc 9988. Edition 3. Guidance on the Development of States’ Action Plans on CO2 Emissions Reduction ActivitiesAnnex 14. Vol 1. Edition 9. Aerodromes. Volume I. Aerodrome Design and OperationsAnnex 16. Vol 1. Edition 8. Environmental Protection. Volume I. Aircraft NoiseDoc 8168. Vol 2. Edition 7. Procedures for Air Navigation Services. Aircraft Operations. Volume II. Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight ProceduresDoc 8991. Edition 3. Manual on Air Traffic ForecastingDoc 9082. Edition 10. ICAO’s Policies on Charges for Airports and Air Navigation ServicesDoc 9184. Part 2. Edition 4. Airport Planning Manual. Part 2. Land Use and Environmental ControlDoc 9501. Vol 2. Edition 4. Environmental Technical Manual. Volume II. Procedures for the Emissions Certification of Aircraft EnginesDoc 9750. Global Air Navigation PlanDoc 9854. Edition 1. Global Air Traffic Management Operational ConceptDoc 9859. Edition 4. Safety Management ManualDoc 9882. Edition 1. Manual on Air Traffic Management System RequirementsDoc 9883. Edition 1. Manual on Global Performance of the Air Navigation SystemDoc 9889. Edition 2. Airport Air Quality ManualDoc 9931. Edition 1. Continuous Descent Operations (CDO) ManualDoc 9993. Edition 1. Continuous Climb Operations (CCO) ManualDoc 10013. Edition 1. Operational Opportunities to Reduce Fuel Burn and EmissionsDoc 10031. Edition 1. Guidance on Environmental Assessment of Proposed Air Traffic Management Operational ChangesDoc 10069. Edition 1. Report of the Tenth Meeting of the Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP)Doc 10201. Edition 1. Third conference on aviation and alternative fuels. ReportDoc 9562. Edition 4. Airport Economics ManualDoc 10060. Summary Minutes with Subject Index. Council - 205th Session. (Montréal, 8 - 26 June 2015) (English-only publication)Doc 10065. Summary Minutes with Subject Index. Council - 206th Session. (Montréal, 2 - 20 November 2015) (English-only publication)Doc 10073. Edition 1. Summary Minutes with Subject Index. Council - 207th Session (15 February - 11 March 2016) (English-only publication)Doc 10075. Edition 1. Assembly Resolutions in Force (as of 6 October 2016)Doc 10082. Edition 1. Assembly Thirty-Ninth Session Montréal, 27 September – 6 October 2016, Executive Committee Report and MinutesDoc 10126. Edition 1. Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection, Eleventh MeetingDoc 10136. Edition 1. Assembly 40th Session. Montréal, 24 September – 4 October 2019. Executive Committee. Reports and MinutesDoc 10140. Edition 1. Assembly Resolutions in Force (as of 4 October 2019)ВСЕ ДОКУМЕНТЫDoc 9988 en
Table Of Contents
COVER PAGE
AMENDMENTS
CONTENTS
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
1.2 ABOUT THIS GUIDANCE DOCUMENT
1.3 CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS DOCUMENT
1.4 WHAT IS NEW IN THE FOURTH EDITION OF DOC 9988?
Chapter 2. ACTION PLANS
2.1 PURPOSE
2.2 SCOPE
2.5 UPDATING AN EXISTING ACTION PLAN
2.7 HOW ICAO CAN HELP
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC EMISSIONS
3.3 COLLECTING OR ESTIMATING HISTORIC AIR TRANSPORT ACTIVITY AND FUEL CONSUMPTION DATA
3.4 FORECASTING FUTURE BASELINE TRAFFIC AND FUEL CONSUMPTION
3.5 REVIEW OF DATA
Chapter 4. SELECTION OF MEASURES AND QUANTIFYING THEIR EXPECTED RESULTS
4.1 OBJECTIVE
4.2 OVERVIEW OF THE ICAO BASKET OF MEASURES
4.3 AIRCRAFT TECHNOLOGY
4.4 SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUELS AND CLEANER ENERGIES
4.5 OPERATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS
4.6 MARKET-BASED MEASURES AND CORSIA
4.7 SUPPLEMENTAL BENEFITS FOR DOMESTIC SECTORS
4.8 PRIORITIZATION AND SELECTION OF MITIGATION MEASURES
4.9 QUANTIFYING THE EFFECTS ON FUEL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS FROM THE MEASURES SELECTED
Chapter 5. IMPLEMENTATION, ASSISTANCE AND FINANCING
5.1 IMPLEMENTATION OF CO2 MITIGATION MEASURES
5.2 ACTION PLANS AS A SOURCE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF ASSISTANCE
5.3 ACTION PLANS AS A SOURCE FOR FACILITATING ACCESS TO FINANCING
Appendix A. BASKET OF MEASURES TO LIMIT OR REDUCE CO2 EMISSIONS FROM INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION
Appendix B. TEMPLATE FOR STATE ACTION PLANS ON CO2 EMISSIONS REDUCTION ACTIVITIES
Appendix C. KEY STAKEHOLDERS, ANALYSIS METHODS AND TOOLS
Appendix D. REFERENCE MATERIAL RELEVANT TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MITIGATION MEASURES
Appendix E. EXAMPLES OF MEASURES SELECTED IN ACTION PLANS
Appendix F. COSTS AND BENEFITS RELATED TO THE BASKET OF MEASURES
Appendix G. CRITERIA TO ASSESS QUANTIFICATION LEVEL OF AN ACTION PLAN
Appendix H. STATE ACTION PLAN FEEDBACK FORM