Name: Annex 10. Том 1. Издание 8. Aeronautical Telecommunications. Volume I. Radio Navigation Aids
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Annex 10. Том 1. Издание 8

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Aeronautical Telecommunications. Volume I. Radio Navigation Aids

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INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATIONAnnex 10Recommended Practices, see the Foreword.For information regarding the applicability of the Standards and This edition supersedes, on 2 November 2023, all previous editions of Annex 10, Volume I.Volume IRadio Navigation AidsEighth Edition, July 2023to the Convention on International Civil AviationAeronautical TelecommunicationsInternational Standardsand Recommended Practices

Published in separate English, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION 999 Robert-Bourassa Boulevard, Montral, Quebec, Canada H3C 5H7 For ordering information and for a complete listing of sales agents and booksellers, please go to the ICAO website at www.icao.int First edition, 1949 Sixth edition, 2006 Seventh edition, 2018 Eighth edition, 2023 Annex 10 Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume I Radio Navigation Aids Order Number AN 10-1 ISBN 978-92-9275-173-9 ICAO 2023 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior permission in writing from the International Civil Aviation Organization.

iii AMENDMENTS Amendments are announced in the supplements to the Products and Services Catalogue the Catalogue and its supplements are available on the ICAO website at www.icao.int. The space below is provided to keep a record of such amendments. RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA AMENDMENTS CORRIGENDA No. Date applicable Date entered Entered by No. Date of issue Date entered Entered by 1-93 Incorporated in this edition

ANNEX 10 VOLUME I v 2/11/23 CONTENTS Page Foreword ..................................................................................................................................................................... ix CHAPTER 1. Definitions ........................................................................................................................................ 1-1 CHAPTER 2. General provisions for radio navigation aids .................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Standard radio navigation aids ................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Ground and flight testing ......................................................................................................................... 2-2 2.3 Provision of information on the operational status of radio navigation services ..................................... 2-3 2.4 Power supply for radio navigation aids and communication systems ..................................................... 2-3 2.5 Human Factors considerations ................................................................................................................. 2-3 CHAPTER 3. Specifications for radio navigation aids ................................................................................................. 3-1 3.1 Specification for ILS................................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.2 Specification for precision approach radar system .................................................................................. 3-26 3.3 Specification for VHF omnidirectional radio range VOR .................................................................... 3-28 3.4 Specification for non-directional radio beacon NDB ............................................................................ 3-33 3.5 Specification for UHF distance measuring equipment DME ................................................................ 3-37 3.6 Specification for en-route VHF marker beacons 75 MHz ..................................................................... 3-58 3.7 Requirements for the Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS ......................................................... 3-59 3.8 Reserved ................................................................................................................................................ 3-92 3.9 System characteristics of airborne ADF receiving systems ..................................................................... 3-92 3.10 Reserved ................................................................................................................................................ 3-92 3.11 Microwave landing system MLS characteristics ................................................................................... 3-92 APPENDIX A. Microwave landing system MLS characteristics ......................................................................... APP A-1 APPENDIX B. Technical specifications for the Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS ............................... APP B-1 1. Definitions ............................................................................................................................................... APP B-1 2. General .................................................................................................................................................... APP B-1 3. GNSS elements ........................................................................................................................................ APP B-1 Figures for Appendix B ....................................................................................................................................... APP B-277

Annex 10 Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume I Page 2/11/23 vi ATTACHMENTS ATTACHMENT A. Determination of integrity and continuity of service objectives using the risk tree method ........................................................................................................................................... ATT A-1 ATTACHMENT B. Strategy for introduction and application of non-visual aids to approach and landing ........... ATT B-1 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. ATT B-1 2. Objectives of strategy .............................................................................................................................. ATT B-1 3. Considerations ......................................................................................................................................... ATT B-1 4. Strategy .................................................................................................................................................... ATT B-3 ATTACHMENT C. Information and material for guidance in the application of the Standards and Recommended Practices for ILS, VOR, PAR, 75 MHz marker beacons en-route, NDB and DME........................ ATT C-1 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. ATT C-1 2. Material concerning ILS installations ...................................................................................................... ATT C-2 3. Material concerning VOR/DVOR ........................................................................................................... ATT C-39 4. Precision approach radar system .............................................................................................................. ATT C-51 5. Specification for 75 MHz marker beacons en-route.............................................................................. ATT C-53 6. Material concerning NDB ........................................................................................................................ ATT C-54 7. Material concerning DME ....................................................................................................................... ATT C-64 8. Material concerning power supply switch-over times ............................................................................. ATT C-79 ATTACHMENT D. Information and material for guidance in the application of the GNSS Standards and Recommended Practices .......................................................................................................... ATT D-1 1. Definitions ............................................................................................................................................... ATT D-1 2. General .................................................................................................................................................... ATT D-1 3. Navigation system performance requirements ......................................................................................... ATT D-1 4. GNSS core elements ................................................................................................................................ ATT D-10 5. Aircraft-based augmentation system ABAS ......................................................................................... ATT D-20 6. Satellite-based augmentation system SBAS.......................................................................................... ATT D-21 7. Ground-based augmentation system GBAS and ground-based regional augmentation systems GRAS ........................................................................... ATT D-37 8. Signal quality monitor SQM design ...................................................................................................... ATT D-98 9. Status monitoring and NOTAM .............................................................................................................. ATT D-104 10. Interference .............................................................................................................................................. ATT D-108 11. Recording of GNSS parameters ............................................................................................................... ATT D-109 12. GNSS performance assessment ............................................................................................................... ATT D-110 13. GNSS and database.................................................................................................................................. ATT D-110 14. Modelling of residual errors .................................................................................................................... ATT D-110 Figures for Attachment D .................................................................................................................................... ATT D-112 ATTACHMENT E. Guidance material on the pre-flight checking of VOR airborne equipment ........................... ATT E-1 1. Specification for a VOR airborne equipment test facility VOT ............................................................ ATT E-1 2. Selection and use of VOR aerodrome check-points ................................................................................ ATT E-3

Contents Annex 10 Aeronautical Telecommunications Page vii 2/11/23 ATTACHMENT F. Guidance material concerning reliability and availability of radiocommunications and navigation aids .................................................................................................................. ATT F-1 1. Introduction and fundamental concepts ................................................................................................... ATT F-1 2. Practical aspects of reliability and availability ........................................................................................ ATT F-4 ATTACHMENT G. Information and material for guidance in the application of the MLS Standards and Recommended Practices ...................................................................................................................... ATT G-1 1. Definitions ............................................................................................................................................... ATT G-1 2. Signal-in-space characteristics angle and data functions .................................................................... ATT G-1 3. Ground equipment ................................................................................................................................... ATT G-12 4. Siting considerations ................................................................................................................................ ATT G-14 5. Operational considerations on siting of DME ground equipment............................................................ ATT G-23 6. Interrelationship of ground equipment monitor and control actions ........................................................ ATT G-23 7. Airborne equipment ................................................................................................................................. ATT G-24 8. Operations at the limits of and outside the promulgated MLS coverage sectors ..................................... ATT G-29 9. Separation criteria in terms of signal ratios and propagation losses ........................................................ ATT G-30 10. Material concerning MLS installations at special locations .................................................................... ATT G-31 11. Integrity and continuity of service MLS ground equipment ............................................................... ATT G-32 12. Classification of MLS approach azimuth, elevation and DME ground facilities..................................... ATT G-36 13. Computed centre line approaches ............................................................................................................ ATT G-38 14. Application of Table G-15 service level objectives for MLS/RNAV operations .................................... ATT G-44 15. Application of simplified MLS configurations ........................................................................................ ATT G-45 Tables for Attachment G ..................................................................................................................................... ATT G-46 Figures for Attachment G .................................................................................................................................... ATT G-63 ATTACHMENT H. Strategy for rationalization of conventional radio navigation aids and evolution toward supporting performance-based navigation ............................................................................................... ATT H-1 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. ATT H-1 2. Objectives of the strategy ............................................................................................................................. ATT-H-1 3. Considerations .............................................................................................................................................. ATT H-2 4. Strategy ......................................................................................................................................................... ATT-H-5

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