Annex 8. Edition 13
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Airworthiness of Aircraft
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INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATIONAnnex 8For information regarding the applicability of the Standards and Recommended Practices, see the Foreword.This edition supersedes, on 3 November 2022, all previous editions of Annex 8.Thirteenth Edition, July 2022to the Convention on International Civil AviationAirworthiness of AircraftInternational Standardsand Recommended Practices
Published in separate English, Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION 999 Robert-Bourassa Boulevard, Montral, Quebec, Canada H3C 5H7 For ordering information and for a complete listing of sales agents and booksellers, please go to the ICAO website at www.icao.int First Edition, 1949 Twelfth Edition, 2018 Thirteenth Edition, 2022 Annex 8, Airworthiness of Aircraft Order Number AN 8 ISBN 978-92-9265-731-4 print version ICAO 2022 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior permission in writing from the International Civil Aviation Organization.
iii AMENDMENTS Amendments are announced in the supplements to the Products and Services Catalogue the Catalogue and its supplements are available on the ICAO website at www.icao.int. The space below is provided to keep a record of such amendments. RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA AMENDMENTS CORRIGENDA No. Date applicable Date entered Entered by No. Date of issue Date entered Entered by 1-109 Incorporated in this edition.
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Annex 8. Edition 12. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 12. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 11. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 10. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 9. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 8. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 7. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 6. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 5. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 4. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 3. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 2. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Edition 1. Airworthiness of AircraftAnnex 8. Amendment № 110Annex 8. Corrigendum № 1Annex 1. Edition 14. Personnel LicensingAnnex 2. Edition 11. Rules of the AirAnnex 5. Edition 5. Units of Measurement to be Used in Air and Ground Operations.Annex 6. Part 1. Edition 12. Operation of Aircraft. Part I. International Commercial Air Transport. AeroplanesAnnex 7. Edition 6. Aircraft Nationality and Registration MarksAnnex 10. Vol 2. Edition 7. Aeronautical Telecommunications. Volume II. Communication Procedures including those with PANS statusAnnex 16. Vol 1. Edition 8. Environmental Protection. Volume I. Aircraft NoiseAnnex 17. Edition 12. Aviation Security. Safeguarding International Civil Aviation against Acts of Unlawful InterferenceAnnex 19. Edition 2. Safety ManagementDoc 7488. Edition 3. Manual of the ICAO Standard Atmosphere (extended to 80 kilometres (262 500 feet))Doc 9318. Edition 1. Protocol Relating to an Amendment to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. (Article 83 bis.)Doc 9587. Edition 4. Policy and Guidance Material on the Economic Regulation of International Air TransportDoc 9683. Edition 1. Human Factors Training ManualDoc 9760. Edition 4. Airworthiness ManualDoc 9859. Edition 4. Safety Management ManualDoc 10019. Edition 1. Manual on Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS)Doc 10102. Edition 1. Guidance for Safe Operations Involving Aeroplane Cargo CompartmentsAnnex 6. Part 4. Edition 1. Operation of Aircraft. Part IV. International Operations ‒ Remotely Piloted Aircraft SystemsAnnex 6. Part 2. Edition 10. Operation of Aircraft. Part II. International General Aviation. AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 1. Edition 11. Operation of Aircraft. Part I. International Commercial Air Transport. AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 2. Edition 11. Operation of Aircraft. Part II. International General Aviation. AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 2. Edition 11. Operation of Aircraft. Part II. International General Aviation. AeroplanesAnnex 6. Part 3. Edition 11. Operation of Aircraft. Part III. International Operations. HelicoptersAnnex 6. Part 1. Edition 12. Operation of Aircraft. Part I. International Commercial Air Transport. AeroplanesAnnex 13. Edition 13. Aircraft Accident and Incident InvestigationAnnex 14. Vol 1. Edition 8. Aerodromes. Volume I. Aerodrome Design and OperationsAnnex 14. Vol 1. Edition 9. Aerodromes. Volume I. Aerodrome Design and OperationsAnnex 16. Vol 1. Edition 8. Environmental Protection. Volume I. Aircraft NoiseDoc 4444. Edition 16. Procedures For Air Navigation Services. Air Traffic ManagementDoc 4444. Edition 16. Procedures For Air Navigation Services. Air Traffic ManagementDoc 9981. Edition 3. Procedures for Air Navigation Services. AerodromesDoc 8126. Edition 7. Aeronautical Information Services ManualDoc 8335. Edition 6. Manual of Procedures for Operations Inspection, Certification and Continued SurveillanceDoc 8896. Edition 13. Manual of Aeronautical Meteorological PracticeDoc 9261. Edition 5. Heliport ManualDoc 9365. Edition 5. Manual of All-Weather OperationsDoc 9379. Edition 2. Manual of Procedures for Establishment and Management of a State’s Personnel Licensing SystemDoc 9613. Edition 5. Performance-based Navigation (PBN) ManualDoc 10047. Edition 2. Aviation Security Oversight Manual. The Establishment and Management of a State Aviation Security Oversight SystemDoc 10047. Edition 2. Aviation Security Oversight Manual. The Establishment and Management of a State Aviation Security Oversight SystemDoc 10098. Edition 1. Manual on Competency-based Training and Assessment for Aircraft Maintenance PersonnelDoc 10098. Edition 1. Manual on Competency-based Training and Assessment for Aircraft Maintenance PersonnelDoc 10106. Edition 1. Manual on Flight Operations Officers/Flight Dispatchers Competency-based Training and AssessmentDoc 10142. Edition 1. Manual on Registration and Deregistration of AircraftDoc 10153. Edition 1. Guidance on the Preparation of an Operations Manual Doc 10158. Edition 1. Manual on Safety Management in Cabin OperationsDoc 10161. Edition 1. Global Aviation Safety RoadmapDoc 10162. Edition 1. Manual on Monitoring Implementation of Regional and National Aviation Safety PlansDoc 10184. Edition 1. Assembly Resolutions in Force (as of 7 October 2022)ВСЕ ДОКУМЕНТЫALL DOCUMENTSICAO ANNEXES TO THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATIONПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ К КОНВЕНЦИИICAO ANNEXES TO THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION & Procedures for Air Navigation Services (PANS)ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ И ПРАВИЛА АЭРОНАВИГАЦИОННОГО ОБСЛУЖИВАНИЯAIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT AND ANNEXESОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ВОЗДУШНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ И ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯAnnex 8
Table Of Contents
COVER PAGE
AMENDMENTS
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
PART I. DEFINITIONS
1.1 Applicability
PART II. PROCEDURES FOR CERTIFICATION AND CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS
CHAPTER 1. TYPE CERTIFICATION
1.2 Design aspects of the appropriate airworthiness requirements
1.3 Proof of compliance with the appropriate airworthiness requirements
1.4 Issuance of Type Certificate
1.5 Suspension of Type Certificate
1.6 Revocation of Type Certificate
1.7 Transfer of Type Certificate
2.1 Applicability
2.2 Aircraft, engine and propeller production
2.3 Aircraft parts production
2.4 Production approval
CHAPTER 2. PRODUCTION
3.1 Applicability
CHAPTER 3. CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS
3.2 Eligibility, issuance and continued validity of a Certificate of Airworthiness
3.5 Temporary loss of airworthiness
3.4 Aircraft limitations and information
3.3 Standard form of Certificate of Airworthiness
3.6 Damage to aircraft
4.1 Applicability
4.2 Responsibilities of Contracting States in respect of continuing airworthiness
CHAPTER 4. CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS
CHAPTER 5. SAFETY MANAGEMENT
6.1 Applicability
6.2 Maintenance organization approval
CHAPTER 6. MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION APPROVAL
6.3 Maintenance organization’s procedures manual
6.4 Maintenance procedures and quality assurance system
6.5 Facilities
6.6 Personnel
6.7 Records
6.8 Maintenance release
1.1 Applicability
PART III. LARGE AEROPLANES
PART IIIA. AEROPLANES OVER 5 700 KG FOR WHICH APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATION WAS SUBMITTED ON OR AFTER 13 JUNE 1960 BUT BEFORE 2 MARCH 2004
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
1.2 Number of engines
1.4 Unsafe features and characteristics
1.5 Proof of compliance
1.3 Operating limitations
2.1 General
2.2 Performance
CHAPTER 2. FLIGHT
2.3 Flying qualities
CHAPTER 3. STRUCTURE
3.2 Airspeeds
3.1 General
3.3 Flight loads
3.4 Ground and water loads
3.6 Flutter, divergence and vibration
3.5 Miscellaneous loads
3.7 Fatigue strength
CHAPTER 4. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
4.1 General
5.3 Declared ratings, conditions and limitations
5.1 Scope
CHAPTER 5. ENGINES
5.2 Design, construction and functioning
5.4 Tests
CHAPTER 6. PROPELLERS
6.2 Design, construction and functioning
6.3 Declared ratings, conditions and limitations
6.4 Tests
6.1 Scope
CHAPTER 7. POWERPLANT INSTALLATION
7.1 General
7.2 Arrangement and functioning
8.1 Required instruments and equipment
8.3 Safety and survival equipment
8.4 Navigation lights and anti-collision lights
CHAPTER 8. INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT
8.2 Installation
9.2 Operating limitations
CHAPTER 9. OPERATING LIMITATIONS AND INFORMATION
9.1 General
9.3 Operating information and procedures
9.4 Performance information
9.6 Markings and placards
9.5 Aeroplane flight manual
10.1 General
10.2 Maintenance information
10.3 Maintenance programme information
10.4 Maintenance information resulting from the type design approval
CHAPTER 10. CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS —MAINTENANCE INFORMATION
11.1 Aeroplanes used for domestic commercial operations
CHAPTER 11. SECURITY
11.2 Least-risk bomb location
11.3 Protection of the flight crew compartment
11.4 Interior design
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
PART IIIB. AEROPLANES OVER 5 700 KG FOR WHICH APPLICATIONFOR CERTIFICATION WAS SUBMITTED ON OR AFTER 2 MARCH 2004
1.3 Operating limitations
1.2 Number of engines
1.1 Applicability
1.4 Unsafe features and characteristics
1.5 Proof of compliance
2.2 Performance
2.1 General
CHAPTER 2. FLIGHT
2.3 Flying qualities
2.4 Stability and control
CHAPTER 3. STRUCTURE
3.5 Airspeeds
3.4 Strength and deformation
3.3 Limit loads
3.2 Mass and mass distribution
3.1 General
3.7 Survivability
3.6 Strength
3.8 Structural durability
3.9 Special factors
4.1 General
CHAPTER 4. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
4.2 Systems design features
4.3 Aeroelasticity
4.4 Occupants accommodation features
4.5 Electrical bonding and protection against lightning and static electricity
4.6 Emergency landing provisions
4.7 Ground handling
5.3 Powerplant installation
5.1 Engines
5.2 Propellers
CHAPTER 5. POWERPLANT
6.1 General
CHAPTER 6. SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
6.5 Electromagnetic interference protection
6.3 Safety and survival equipment
6.2 Installation
6.6 Ice protection
6.4 Navigation lights and anti-collision lights
CHAPTER 7. OPERATING LIMITATIONS AND INFORMATION
7.1 General
7.2 Operating limitations
7.3 Operating information and procedures
7.6 Markings and placards
7.5 Flight manual
7.7 Continuing airworthiness — maintenance information
7.4 Performance information
8.2 Design emergency landing loads
8.3 Cabin fire protection
8.1 General
CHAPTER 8. CRASHWORTHINESS AND CABIN SAFETY
8.4 Evacuation
8.6 Survival equipment
8.5 Lighting and marking
9.1 General
9.2 Flight crew
9.3 Ergonomics
CHAPTER 9. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN FACTORS
9.4 Operating environmental factors
10.4 Interior design
CHAPTER 10. SECURITY
10.1 Aeroplanes used for domestic commercial operations
10.2 Least-risk bomb location
10.3 Protection of the flight crew compartment
PART IVA. HELICOPTERS FOR WHICH APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATIONWAS SUBMITTED ON OR AFTER 22 MARCH 1991BUT BEFORE 13 DECEMBER 2007
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
PART IV. HELICOPTERS
1.2 Limitations
1.1 Applicability
1.4 Proof of compliance
1.3 Unsafe features and characteristics
2.2 Performance
CHAPTER 2. FLIGHT
2.1 General
2.3 Flying qualities
CHAPTER 3. STRUCTURE
3.1 General
3.2 Airspeeds
3.4 Flight loads
3.6 Miscellaneous loads
3.3 Main rotor(s) rotational speed limits
3.5 Ground and water loads
3.7 Flutter, divergence and vibration
3.8 Fatigue strength
4.1 General
CHAPTER 4. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
5.2 Design, construction and functioning
5.3 Declared ratings, conditions and limitations
CHAPTER 5. ENGINES
5.1 Scope
6.4 Tests
CHAPTER 6. ROTOR AND POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMSAND POWERPLANT INSTALLATION
6.1 General
6.2 Design, construction and functioning
6.3 Declared ratings, conditions and limitations
6.8 Arrangement and functioning
6.7 Engine restarting
6.6 Control of engine rotation
6.5 Compliance with engine and rotor and powertransmission systems limitations
CHAPTER 7. INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT
7.4 Navigation lights and anti-collision lights
7.3 Safety and survival equipment
7.2 Installation
7.1 Required instruments and equipment
CHAPTER 8. ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
9.2 Operating limitations
9.1 General
CHAPTER 9. OPERATING LIMITATIONS AND INFORMATION
9.3 Operating information and procedures
9.5 Helicopter flight manual
9.4 Performance information
9.6 Markings and placards
PART IVB. HELICOPTERS FOR WHICH APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATION WAS SUBMITTED ON OR AFTER 13 DECEMBER 2007
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
1.1 Applicability
1.2 Operating limitations
1.3 Unsafe features and characteristics
1.4 Proof of compliance
2.2 Performance
2.1 General
CHAPTER 2. FLIGHT
2.3 Flying qualities
2.4 Stability and control
3.4 Strength and deformation
3.2 Mass and mass distribution
3.3 Limit loads
3.5 Airspeeds
CHAPTER 3. STRUCTURE
3.1 General
3.8 Ground and water loads
3.7 Loads
3.6 Main rotor(s) rotational speed limits
3.9 Miscellaneous loads
3.11 Special factors
3.10 Fatigue strength
4.1 General
CHAPTER 4. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
4.3 Flutter
4.2 Systems design features
4.4 Occupant accommodation features
4.5 Electrical bonding and protection against lightning and static electricity
4.7 Ground handling
4.6 Emergency landing provisions
CHAPTER 5. ROTORS AND POWERPLANT
5.2 Rotors and powerplant installation
5.1 Engines
6.1 General
CHAPTER 6. SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
6.3 Safety and survival equipment
6.2 Installation
6.4 Navigation lights and anti-collision lights
6.5 Electromagnetic interference protection
6.6 Ice protection
CHAPTER 7. OPERATING LIMITATIONS AND INFORMATION
7.2 Operating limitations
7.1 General
7.3 Operating information and procedures
7.7 Continuing airworthiness — maintenance information
7.6 Markings and placards
7.5 Flight manual
7.4 Performance information
8.1 General
8.3 Cabin fire protection
8.4 Evacuation
8.2 Design emergency landing loads
CHAPTER 8. CRASHWORTHINESS AND CABIN SAFETY
8.5 Lighting and marking
CHAPTER 9. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN FACTORS
9.2 Flight crew
9.3 Ergonomics
9.1 General
9.4 Operating environmental factors
PART V. SMALL AEROPLANES
1.2 Operating limitations
1.1 Applicability
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
PART VA. AEROPLANES OVER 750 KG BUT NOT EXCEEDING 5 700 KG FOR WHICH APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATION WAS SUBMITTED ON OR AFTER 13 DECEMBER 2007 BUT BEFORE 7 MARCH 2021
1.3 Unsafe features and characteristics
1.4 Proof of compliance
2.1 General
2.2 Performance
CHAPTER 2. FLIGHT
2.3 Flying qualities
2.4 Stability and control
CHAPTER 3. STRUCTURE
3.1 General
3.2 Mass and mass distribution
3.3 Limit loads
3.5 Airspeeds
3.4 Strength and deformation
3.6 Strength
3.7 Survivability
3.8 Structural durability
3.9 Special factors
CHAPTER 4. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
4.1 General
4.2 Systems design features
4.3 Aeroelasticity
4.5 Electrical bonding and protection against lightning and static electricity
4.6 Emergency landing provisions
4.4 Occupant accommodation features
4.7 Ground handling
5.1 Engines
5.3 Powerplant installation
CHAPTER 5. POWERPLANT
5.2 Propellers
CHAPTER 6. SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
6.1 General
6.5 Electromagnetic interference protection
6.3 Safety and survival equipment
6.4 Navigation lights and anti-collision lights
6.6 Ice protection
6.2 Installation
CHAPTER 7. OPERATING LIMITATIONS AND INFORMATION
7.1 General
7.2 Operating limitations
7.3 Operating information and procedures
7.4 Performance information
7.6 Markings and placards
7.7 Continuing airworthiness — maintenance information
7.5 Flight manual
8.2 Design emergency landing loads
CHAPTER 8. CRASHWORTHINESS AND CABIN SAFETY
8.1 General
8.3 Cabin fire protection
8.5 Lighting and marking
8.4 Evacuation
9.1 General
9.3 Ergonomics
9.2 Flight crew
CHAPTER 9. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN FACTORS
9.4 Operating environmental factors
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
1.2 Operating limitations
PART VB. AEROPLANES NOT EXCEEDING 5 700 KG FOR WHICH APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATION IS SUBMITTED ON OR AFTER 7 MARCH 2021
1.1 Applicability
1.4 Proof of compliance
1.3 Unsafe features and characteristics
CHAPTER 2. FLIGHT
2.2 Performance
2.1 General
2.3 Flying qualities
2.4 Stability and control
3.5 Airspeeds
3.1 General
3.2 Mass and mass distribution
3.3 Limit loads
3.4 Strength and deformation
CHAPTER 3. STRUCTURE
3.7 Survivability
3.8 Structural durability
3.6 Strength
3.9 Special factors
4.1 General
CHAPTER 4. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
4.2 Systems design features
4.4 Occupant accommodation features
4.5 Electrical bonding and protection against lightning and static electricity
4.6 Emergency landing provisions
4.3 Aeroelasticity
4.7 Ground handling
CHAPTER 5. POWERPLANT
5.1 Engines
5.2 Propellers
5.3 Powerplant installation
CHAPTER 6. SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
6.1 General
6.5 Electromagnetic interference protection
6.3 Safety and survival equipment
6.4 Navigation lights and anti-collision lights
6.6 Ice protection
6.2 Installation
CHAPTER 7. OPERATING LIMITATIONS AND INFORMATION
7.1 General
7.2 Operating limitations
7.3 Operating information and procedures
7.4 Performance information
7.6 Markings and placards
7.5 Flight manual
7.7 Continuing airworthiness — maintenance information
8.1 General
8.3 Cabin fire protection
8.4 Evacuation
8.2 Design emergency landing loads
CHAPTER 8. CRASHWORTHINESS AND CABIN SAFETY
8.5 Lighting and marking
CHAPTER 9. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN FACTORS
9.2 Flight crew
9.3 Ergonomics
9.1 General
9.4 Operating environmental factors
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
1.4 Continuing airworthiness – maintenance information
1.3 Declared ratings, conditions and limitations
1.2 Engine installation and interfaces
PART VI. ENGINES
1.1 Applicability
CHAPTER 2. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
2.1 Functioning
2.2 Failure analysis
2.3 Materials and manufacturing methods
2.4 Integrity
CHAPTER 3. TESTS
1.2 Declared ratings, conditions and limitations
1.3 Continuing airworthiness — maintenance information
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
1.1 Applicability
PART VII. PROPELLERS
2.2 Failure analysis
2.4 Pitch control and indication
CHAPTER 2. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
2.1 Functioning
2.3 Materials and manufacturing methods
CHAPTER 3. TESTS AND INSPECTIONS
3.2 Operational and endurance tests
3.1 Blade retention test
1.2 Operating limitations
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
1.1 Applicability
PART VIII. REMOTELY PILOTED AEROPLANES
1.4 Proof of compliance
1.3 Unsafe features and characteristics
2.2 Performance
CHAPTER 2. FLIGHT
2.1 General
2.3 Flying qualities
2.4 Stability and control
3.5 Airspeeds
CHAPTER 3. STRUCTURE
3.1 General
3.2 Mass and mass distribution
3.3 Limit loads
3.4 Strength and deformation
3.8 Special factors
3.7 Structural durability
3.6 Strength
4.1 General
CHAPTER 4. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
4.2 Systems design features
4.3 Aeroelasticity
4.4 Electrical bonding and protection against lightning and static electricity
4.5 Ground handling
5.3 Powerplant installation
5.1 Engines
5.2 Propellers
CHAPTER 5. POWERPLANT
6.1 General
CHAPTER 6. SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
6.3 Navigation lights and anti-collision lights
6.5 Ice protection
6.2 Installation
6.4 Electromagnetic interference protection
7.2 Operating limitations
CHAPTER 7. OPERATING LIMITATIONS AND INFORMATION
7.1 General
7.4 Performance information
7.3 Operating information and procedures
7.7 Continuing airworthiness — maintenance information
7.5 Remotely piloted aeroplane flight manual
7.6 Markings and placards
7.8 C2 Link information
CHAPTER 8. RESERVED
9.1 General
9.3 Ergonomics
CHAPTER 9. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN FACTORS
9.2 Remote flight crew
10.3 Controls and information
10.1 General
10.2 Integration
CHAPTER 10. REMOTE PILOT STATION INTEGRATION
10.5 Flight manual
10.4 C2 Link
11.1 General
CHAPTER 11. REMOTELY PILOTED AEROPLANE UNIQUE CONSIDERATIONS
11.2 Transportation, storage and assembly
11.3 Launch methods
11.4 Recovery methods
11.5 Emergency recovery
11.6 Automatic taxi, take-off and landing
11.7 C2 Link
11.9 Mission equipment
11.10 Security
11.8 Detect and avoid, and other equipment
1.2 Operating limitations
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
1.1 Applicability
PART IX. REMOTELY PILOTED HELICOPTERS (RPH)
1.4 Proof of compliance
1.3 Unsafe features and characteristics
2.2 Performance
CHAPTER 2. FLIGHT
2.1 General
2.3 Flying qualities
2.4 Stability and control
3.3 Limit loads
3.5 Airspeeds
CHAPTER 3. STRUCTURE
3.1 General
3.2 Mass and mass distribution
3.4 Strength and deformation
3.6 Main rotor(s) rotational speed limits
3.8 Ground and water loads
3.7 Loads
3.11 Special factors
3.9 Miscellaneous loads
3.10 Fatigue strength
CHAPTER 4. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
4.1 GENERAL
4.3 Flutter
4.2 Systems design features
4.5 Ground handling
4.4 Electrical bonding and protection against lightning and static electricity
CHAPTER 5. ROTORS AND POWERPLANT
5.1 ENGINES
5.2 Rotors and powerplant installation
CHAPTER 6. SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT
6.1 General
6.3 Navigation lights and anti-collision lights
6.5 Ice protection
6.2 Installation
6.4 Electromagnetic interference protection
7.2 Operating limitations
CHAPTER 7. OPERATING LIMITATIONS AND INFORMATION
7.1 General
7.4 Performance information
7.3 Operating information and procedures
7.7 Continuing airworthiness — maintenance information
7.5 Remotely piloted helicopter flight manual
7.6 Markings and placards
7.8 C2 Link information
CHAPTER 8. RESERVED
9.2 Remote flight crew
CHAPTER 9. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN FACTORS
9.1 General
9.3 Ergonomics
10.2 Integration
CHAPTER 10. REMOTE PILOT STATION INTEGRATION
10.1 General
10.3 Controls and information
10.4 C2 Link
10.5 Flight manual
11.3 Launch methods
CHAPTER 11. REMOTELY PILOTED HELICOPTER UNIQUE CONSIDERATIONS
11.1 General.
11.2 Transportation, storage and assembly
11.4 Recovery methods
11.7 C2 Link
11.5 Emergency recovery
11.6 Automatic taxi, take-off and landing
11.9 Mission equipment
11.10 Security
11.8 Detect and avoid, and other equipment
1.1 Applicability
1.3 Continuing airworthiness — maintenance information
1.2 RPS interfaces and integration
PART X. REMOTE PILOT STATION (RPS)
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
2.5 Electrical bonding and protection against lightning and static electricity
CHAPTER 2. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
2.1 Fire, smoke and toxic gas protection
2.2 Functioning
2.3 Failure analysis
2.4 Materials and manufacturing methods
2.6 Handling of the remote pilot station
3.3 Electromagnetic interference protection
CHAPTER 3. SYSTEM AND EQUIPMENT
3.1 General
3.2 Electrical power supply
3.4 Development assurance of complex electronic hardware and system software
4.1 Fire protection
CHAPTER 4. REMOTE FLIGHT CREW COMPARTMENT SAFETY
4.2 Evacuation
5.3 Ergonomics
CHAPTER 5. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN FACTORS
5.1 General
5.2 Remote flight crew
5.4 Operating environmental factors
6.2 Operating information and procedures
CHAPTER 6. OPERATING LIMITATIONS AND INFORMATION
6.1 General
6.3 RPS operating manual
CHAPTER 7. SECURITY
7.1 Remote pilot station access control
7.2 Systems security
APPENDIX. APPROVED MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION (AMO) CERTIFICATE
1. Purpose and scope
2. AMO template