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Circular 141
International Air Passenger and Freight Transport - Latin America and The Caribbean
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CIRCULAR INTERNATIONAL AIR PASSENGER AND FREIGHT TRANSPORT - n CIRCULAR 14'1-AT148 I INTERNATIONAL CIVtL AVIATION ORGANiZATION MONTREAL CANADA LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN PmW by e hmtary CeW and Wkkd v siw of JM WmiI
Do you receive the lCAO BULLETIN The IGAQ Bulletin 6rrtnPns a cotwise account of the wwities of the Brnkatton as wU id wesd Qffl to the aomUtSeaf wdd.
TABLE OF CONTEElTS PART I - GEHERAL CONSfDERATIONS 1 - BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REGION Introduction ...,..........................,.,1.,......,,. 1 A - GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY Deftnition and geograhy ..........................l.............. 1 Demography ................................................ 2 B - ECONOMIC MARACTERISTICS AND DEVELOP Economic characteristics ............................................ 4 Kegional development strategfee ad co-operetfon . . . . . , . . , . . , . . . . . . . . . 7 2. - AIRPORTS Introduction ........................................................ 9 A - AIRPORT INWTRUCTURE International airports .............................................. 9 - Major developments ......................................... 10 Airport acceuu ............................................... 11 B - AIRPORT FINANCES Financing of airport development ........................................ 11 Expenses .Il...CI.........................,..,I...,.....I,.,...,.. 12 Revenuee ....................................................... 13 Profitability ................................................ 14 3 - AIR TRAEISPORT OPERATOES AND THEIR FLEETS Introdutfon ........................................... 15 A - AIR TUNSPORT OPERATORS Operators based inside the region .....................,............. 15 Operators based outeide the regiua ........................III.III.tI..I 17 B - C0MMIRCIAL TRBNSPORT FLEET Fleet and capacity ........................l..I....l.... 19 C - DEVELOPMENTS IEJ AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT New aircraft in international service .......................,.......... 25 Cargo aircraft .................................................... 25
ii ICAO Circular 141-AT146 4 . REGULATION AND ROUTES Page .......................................................... Intrduction 27 A . REGULATION OF SCHEDULED SERVICES .. ... Traffic rights ............................................... 28 . Capacity regulation ............................................. 30 Airline poolfng agreements ...................................r..... 31 B - WGULATIOH OF NON-SCHEDULED SERVICES Definition and roleof nm-scheduled aervicea ........................ 31 ................... Regulation of international nm-scheduled services 32 C - P.LTES AND LEVEL OF SERVICE ....................................................... Route nefrks 35 . Level of service ............................................... 36 Service developments ...................p....C...................... 38 5 . FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SITUATION OF AIR CARRIERS ........................................................ Introduction 41 A - FINANCIAL SITUATION OF AIRLINES Financial results .................................................... 41 ..................................... Financialproblemsand solutions 43 Revenues ....................................................... 45 ........................................... Airline operating expenses 47 Comparison of unit revenues ade.xenses ............................. 50 B . DEmRMINANTS OF AIR CARRIER COSTS .................................................. Input factor prices 53 ................................... Aircraft and route characteristics 55 C - ECONOMIC MNSIDERATZONS BECWJIZNG FREIGHT OFFRATIONS Problems of aft freight cost analysis ................................ 56 PART II . PASSENGER TRANSPORT Introduction .......1...m.....4....w.. ......................... 59 A . TOURISM FACILITIES AM ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ................................................... Tourism facilities 59 Touriemand economic development .................................... 60 Tourism and air transport policy ..................................... 62 B - VOLUME AkUJ GROWTH OF INTERNATIONAL TOURTSM Tourist arrfvals by all modes oftransport ........................... 65 .............................................. Tourist arrivals by air 69 . Foreign travel by residents of the region ............................ 71 United States travel market .......................................... 74
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Annex 9. Edition 15. FacilitationDoc 9082. Edition 9. ICAO’s Policies on Charges for Airports and Air Navigation ServicesCircular 14. Facilitation of International Air TransportCircular 80. Development of International Air Passenger Travel - AfricaCircular 90. Development of International Air Passenger Travel - Latin AmericaCircular 93. Development of International Air Passenger Travel - Middle EastCircular 97. Circular 97 Air Freight - Europe-Mediterranean RegionCircular 104. Air Freight and Air Mail - AfricaCircular 108. Development of International Air Passenger Travel - East and South Asia and PacificCircular 114. Development of International Air Passenger Travel - EuropeCircular 119. Selection of ICAO Facilitation B-Type RecommendationsCircular 124. Air Freight - Asia and PacificCircular 128. International Air Passenger and Freight Transport - North AmericaCircular 131. Regional Differences in Fares and Costs for International Scheduled Passenger Transport - 1975Circular 133. A Review of the Economic Situation of Air Transport 1966-1976Circular 136. Policy Concerning International Non-scheduled Air TransportCircular 137. Regulation of Capacity in International Air Transport ServicesCircular 138. Survey of International Air Transport Fares and Rates (September 1976)Circular 142. Development of Non-aeronautical Revenues at AirportsCircular 161. Survey of International Air Transport Fares and Rates (September 1980)Circular 147. International Air Passenger and Freight Transport - AfricaCircular 160. International Air Passenger and Freight Transport - Asia and The PacificCircular 167. International Air Passenger and Freight Transport - Middle EastCircular 175. International Air Passenger and Freight Transport - Latin America and The CaribbeanCircular 189. International Air Passenger and Freight Transport - AfricaCircular 201. International Air Passenger and Freight Transport - Asia and PacificВСЕ ДОКУМЕНТЫALL DOCUMENTSICAO CIRCULASЦИРКУЛЯРЫ
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